Munich: Allianz Arena - the stadium fully clad with ETFE cushions

Structure Review

Illumination during the UEFA Champions League final 2011–12 By Christoph Anton Mitterer

General Info 🏟📚

• Construction period: October 2002 - May 2005

• Capacity: 75,000

• Cost: €340 million

• Structural Engineer: Arup

• Architects: Herzog & de MeuronArupSport

• Field size: 105 x 68 m ( 115 x 75 yd)

• Innovation: full ETFE exterior inflated panels

• The home arena of Bayern Munich

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Allianz Arena under construction (2004)

Construction🏗

- Total concrete used during stadium construction: 120,000 m³

- Total concrete used for the parking garage: 85,000 m³

- Total steel used during stadium construction: 22,000 tonnes

- Total steel used for the parking garage: 14,000 tonnes

Early Stages of Construction

ETFE ♺

2,874 ETFE-foil air panels that are kept inflated with dry air to a differential pressure of 3.5 Pa.

ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) consists of modified copolymers of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene. It has been widely used in the construction industry in recent years.

ETFE chemical composition

It has been suggested that the use of ETFE in construction can reduce build cost by 10% on small projects and up to 60% on large-scale projects. Costs are also reduced during the installation process when sheets of ETFE film can be 'welded' together with a blow torch and spans of up to 180 ft (55 m ) can be achieved with sufficient structural support.

ETFE does not shrink or expand when heated.

ETFE can retain its transparency and strength for over 30 years. In addition, ETFE has a high level of heat retention, retaining longwave thermal radiation and creating a 'greenhouse effect', which can reduce energy costs by up to 30%.

By User Tom from 8L

ETFE is often called a miracle construction material for tensile architecture.

ETFE is strong enough to bear 400 times its own weight.

It can be stretchable to three times its length without loss of elasticity and can be repaired by welding patches of tape over tears.

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• March 1997 - The Vision

The two Munich clubs achieved some remarkable successes this year. According to Franz Beckenbauer, "Watching football should be fun and a great experience for everyone." And that is precisely why the fans are demanding a new stadium designed for football. But the city doesn't want to build an entirely new facility, but rather to restructure the Olympic stadium.

• May 2002: Building application

After completion of the regional planning application in December as a precondition to obtaining the right to build, the building application is officially submitted.

Bayern Munich Team

• 26 March 2004: Basic structural work completed

The basic shell of the stadium is completed on schedule. The final 4.5 cubic meters of concrete are ceremonially poured into the last area in the stadium to be concreted.

• 18 September 2004: the First seat installed

After all the pre-cast terracing elements and stairway blocks are mounted in all three tiers, the first silver-grey seats are installed in the executive box area.

• 5 August 2005: Inaugural match

A capacity 66,000 crowd witness Bayern defeat Borussia Mönchengladbach in the Bundesliga opening match, the first-ever competitive fixture at the new stadium

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Source: Wikipedia, Designing Buildings Wiki

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